88
Financial Report
財務報告
88
Notes to the Financial Statements (continued)
財務報表附註（續）
For the year ended 31 March 2016
截至二零一六年三月三十一日止年度
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING
POLICIES (continued)
Financial instruments (continued)
Financial assets
The Council’s financial assets are classified held-to-maturity
investment, available-for-sale (“AFS”) investments and loans
and receivables. The classification depends on the nature
and purpose of the financial assets and is determined at the
time of initial recognition. All regular way purchases or sales of
financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a trade
date basis. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or
sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within
the time frame established by regulation or convention in the
marketplace.
Effective interest method
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the
amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest
income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is
the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts
(including all fees and points paid or received that form an
integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and
other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the
debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the
net carrying amount on initial recognition.
Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt
instruments.
Held-to-maturity investment
Held-to-maturity investments are non-derivative financial assets
with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturity dates
that the Council has the positive intent and ability to hold to
maturity.
Subsequent to initial recognition, held-to-maturity investments
are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest
method, less any impairment (see accounting policy in respect
of impairment losses on financial assets below).
3.
主要會計政策（續）
金融工具（續）
金融資產
本局的金融資產分為持有至到期
投資、可供出售（「可供出售」）金
融資產）及貸款及應收款項。分類
視乎金融資產的性質及用途，於
初步確認時釐定。所有定期購買
或出售金融資產乃按交易日基準
確認及終止確認。定期購買或出
售乃購買或銷售金融資產，並要
求於市場規則或慣例設定的時間
框架內交付資產。
實際利率法
實際利率法乃計算債務工具的已
攤銷成本及分配相關期間利息收
入的方法。實際利率乃於初步確
認時按債務工具的預計年期或適
用的較短期間，準確貼現估計未
來現金收入（包括所有構成整體實
際利率的已付或已收費用及利率
差價、交易成本及其他溢價或折
讓）至賬面淨值的利率。
債務工具的收入乃按實際利率基
準確認。
持有至到期投資
持有至到期投資乃本局有肯定意
向及能力持有至期滿的固定或可
確定付款金額及有固定到期日的
非衍生金融資產。
於初步確認後，持有至到期投資
按採用實際利率法計算的已攤銷
成本減任何已識別減值虧損計量
（見下文有關金融資產減值虧損的
會計政策）。