84
財務報告
Financial Report
Notes to the financial statements (continued)
財務報表附註（續）
for the year ended 31 March 2015
截至二零一五年三月三十一日止年度
3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING
POLICIES (continued)
Financial instruments (continued)
Financial assets
The Council’s financial assets are classified held-to-maturity
investments, available-for-sale (“AFS”) financial assets and
loans and receivables. The classification depends on the
nature and purpose of the financial assets and is determined
at the time of initial recognition. All regular way purchases or
sales of financial assets are recognised and derecognised
on a trade date basis. Regular way purchases or sales are
purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery
of assets within the time frame established by regulation or
convention in the marketplace.
Effective interest method
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the
amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest
income over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is
the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts
(including all fees and points paid or received that form an
integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and
other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the
debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to
the net carrying amount on initial recognition.
Income is recognised on an effective interest basis for debt
instruments.
Held-to-maturity investments
Held-to-maturity investments are non-derivative financial
assets with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturity
dates that the Council has the positive intent and ability to
hold to maturity
Subsequent to initial recognition, held-to-maturity investments
are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest
method less any impairment (see the accounting policy in
respect of impairment losses on financial assets below).
3.
主要會計政策（續）
金融工具（續）
金融資產
本局的金融資產分為持有至到
期投資、可供出售（「可供出售」）
金融資產）及貸款及應收款項。
分類視乎金融資產的性質及用
途，於初步確認時釐定。所有定
期購買或出售金融資產乃按交
易日基準確認及終止確認。定期
購買或出售乃購買或銷售金融
資產，並要求於市場規則或慣例
設定的時間框架內交付資產。
實際利率法
實際利率法乃計算債務工具的
已攤銷成本及分配相關期間利
息收入的方法。實際利率乃於初
步確認時按債務工具的預計年
期或適用的較短期間，準確貼現
估計未來現金收入（包括所有構
成整體實際利率的已付或已收
費用及利率差價、交易成本及其
他溢價或折讓）至賬面淨值的利
率。
債務工具的收入乃按實際利率
基準確認。
持有至到期投資
持有至到期投資乃本局有肯定
意向及能力持有至期滿的固定
或可確定付款金額及有固定到
期日的非衍生金融資產。
於初步確認後，持有至到期投資
按採用實際利率法計算的已攤
銷成本減任何已識別減值虧損
計量（見下文有關金融資產減值
虧損的會計政策）。
